MOSCOW, November 23. Scientists from the Yenisei Siberia Research Center have proposed a new technology for the production of industrial explosives used in mining using activated non-explosive components (ANK technology). According to the researchers, the new mixtures, made from classical components, have greater density and allow for more efficient crushing of rocks at lower costs. The results of the work are secured by several patents, the REC program office reported.
Industrial emulsion explosives, which have been used for a long time, were developed on the basis of technology created more than half a century ago in the USA, said specialists from the Yenisei Siberia scientific and educational center. Today, the improvement of classical technology has reached its limit. The emergence of a new technology (ANC) has become a qualitative leap in the development of emulsion explosives and opens up wide opportunities for increasing the efficiency of drilling and blasting operations, experts said.
Firstly, a higher charge density compared to existing ones means a greater amount of energy per unit volume , which improves explosive characteristics and improves the quality of rock mass crushing.
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Secondly, ANK technology is not demanding on manufacturing conditions, which makes it possible to produce waterproof, high-density compositions directly at blasting sites without creating a backlog in warehouses. This circumstance makes it possible to reduce the volume of storage of explosive materials in the warehouse, reduces the volume of transportation of explosives on public roads, which, in turn, reduces the likelihood of man-made and terrorist threats.
The entire volume of explosive material is produced and immediately used to prepare the rock mass for explosive excavation. To produce such explosive compositions for the mining industry, no additional expensive components are required, explained Sergei Kostylev, head of the comprehensive scientific and technical program “Industrial Explosive Technologies”.
He noted that the explosive composition produced using the new technology has a density of 1.42 g/cm3, and this is 20% more than that of detonation mixtures traditionally used in the mining industry, which means an increase in energy concentration per unit volume by the same 20% and increase in efficiency.
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“We recently carried out test explosions in a quarry with basalt rocks. For the experiment, 3 wells with a depth of 1.5 meters were drilled. In the first and second we placed 8 kg of explosives made using new technology, and in the third we placed classic industrial explosives weighing 15 kg. Video recording and analysis of rock ejection craters showed a higher performance of 8 kg of new compositions compared to 15 kg of classic explosives with the same initiation method,” said Kostylev.
Scientists have calculated that, depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the rock, the use of new industrial explosives will save from 15% to 30% of the funds allocated by companies for drilling and blasting operations.
Sergei Kostylev also proposed several engineering developments attachments for vehicles capable of producing detonation compounds and charging blast holes directly at drilling and blasting sites.
“The problems of delivering industrial explosives are especially acute for remote and hard-to-reach areas of Siberia and the Far East, where cargo reaches only “northern delivery”. To ensure the rhythm of work, mining enterprises need to maintain large warehouses of explosive materials. Thanks to the proposed attachments, which will be mounted on base of existing automobile chassis, it is possible to produce both our new dense mixture and detonation mixtures of ordinary density from non-explosive components, and not depend on the availability of explosive materials in the warehouse,” the expert said.
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He explained that the ability to combine explosives of different densities with different explosive characteristics in one well, built into the new equipment, will improve the crushing of difficult-to-blast, viscous and fractured rocks. Thus, fragmentation becomes more manageable, the researcher emphasized.
The activities of the scientific and educational center “Yenisei Siberia”, created on the basis of the Siberian Federal University on the initiative of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Republics of Khakassia and Tyva within the framework of the national project “Science and Universities” are aimed to improve the environmental situation and implement Russia's climate policy. The center's members include nine universities, five research institutes and 14 industrial enterprises. The work was carried out in the quarry of the Krasnoyarsk Nonmetallic Company.
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