UK says China has breached treaty by quashing opposition in Hong Kong

Former pro-democracy lawmakers tendered their letters of resignation at the Legislative Council

Credit: Shutterstock 

Britain on Thursday said China had broken a major bilateral treaty on Hong Kong by imposing new rules to disqualify elected legislators in the former British colony, cautioning that it would work with allies to hold Beijing to account.

Hong Kong’s autonomy was guaranteed under the “one country, two systems” agreement enshrined in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration ahead of the territory’s return to Chinese rule in 1997.

The agreement was signed by then Chinese Premier Zhao Ziyang and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.

"Beijing’s imposition of new rules to disqualify elected legislators in Hong Kong constitutes a clear breach of the legally binding Sino-British Joint Declaration," Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab said.

"China has once again broken its promises and undermined Hong Kong’s high degree of autonomy," Mr Raab said.

Hong Kong’s pro-democracy opposition lawmakers said on Wednesday they would resign in protest against the dismissal of four of their colleagues from the city assembly after Beijing gave local authorities new powers to further curb dissent.

The Chinese parliament earlier adopted a resolution allowing the city’s executive to expel lawmakers deemed to be advocating Hong Kong independence, colluding with foreign forces or threatening national security, without having to go through the courts.

Opposition members of the Hong Kong assembly say they have tried to make a stand against what many people in Hong Kong see as Beijing’s whittling away of freedoms and institutional checks and balances, despite a promise of a high degree of autonomy.

China denies curbing rights and freedoms in the global financial hub, but authorities in Hong Kong and Beijing have moved swiftly to stifle dissent after anti-government protests flared in June last year and plunged the city into crisis.

Britain now considers China has broken the Joint Declaration three times, including with the national security legislation for Hong Kong introduced this year.

"The UK will stand up for the people of Hong Kong, and call out violations of their rights and freedoms," Mr Raab said. "With our international partners, we will hold China to the obligations it freely assumed under international law."

According to a junior minister, Britain will carefully consider whether to impose sanctions on officials in China and Hong Kong.

"We will continue to consider designations under our Magnitsky-style sanctions regime," minister for Asia, Nigel Adams, told parliament.

"It’s not entirely appropriate to speculate who may be designated under the sanctions regime in the future as that could reduce the impact but we are carefully considering further designations under the scheme."

The national security law punishes what China broadly defines as subversion, secession, terrorism and collusion with foreign forces with up to life in prison.

Critics of the law fear it will crush freedoms, including freedom to protest and an independent judiciary. Supporters say it will bring stability after last year’s sometimes violent anti-government and anti-China unrest.