MOSCOW, December 1 Scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University, together with colleagues from St. Petersburg State Medical University, have figured out how to repeatedly increase the efficiency of alternative energy sources. According to them, the creation of storage systems will make it possible to use up to 97% of the energy generated by wind generators and solar panels, instead of the current 5%. So far this is technically impossible, for example, due to the instability of the supply of such energy. The study results were published in the Journal of Energy Storage.
Specialists from Tomsk Polytechnic University (Tomsk Polytechnic) explained that despite the promise of non-traditional renewable sources of electrical energy, today it is almost impossible to use wind generators and solar panels without powerful energy storage devices.
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“The main task of scientists and engineers is to ensure the possibility of using the electricity generated by wind generators and solar panels as a result of the development and creation of reliable, powerful electrical energy storage devices. Now the energy generated, for example, by wind generators cannot be used in industry and transport due to the instability of the supply of this energy — if there is wind, the energy comes, if there is no wind, the energy does not flow,” noted Professor of the Scientific and Educational Center I. N. Butakov Tomsk Polytechnic Institute Genius Kuznetsov.
As a result of mathematical modeling, scientists concluded that it is necessary to create special systems to ensure the thermal conditions of powerful electrochemical energy storage devices. They explained that the safe operation of electrical energy storage devices based on a large number of rechargeable batteries, and, as a consequence, their use for the use of electricity from alternative sources, is possible only if intensive heat exchange of such batteries with the external environment is ensured.
< br />According to Kuznetsov, the main problem of batteries is the intense dissipation of thermal energy in a closed internal volume due to chemical reactions during cyclic charge and discharge.
“In addition, the increase in the energy intensity of modern batteries, charge and discharge rates, as well as cases of fires and explosions of battery energy storage systems indicate the need to analyze the thermal state of the internal electrode structures of batteries. The multilayer structure of the battery and the low thermal conductivity of some materials require ensuring minimal temperature fluctuations between individual layers and surface of the battery case, as well as between its elements,” he explained.
Scientists from Tomsk Polytechnic University noted that there are currently no analogues of the research conducted to justify the need to develop systems for ensuring the thermal conditions of storage devices. According to experts, taking into account the thermal conditions of storage batteries, according to calculations, will make it possible to use the energy generated by wind generators in reality, and not in theory.
According to them, after the creation of powerful electrical energy storage devices with systems for unconditionally ensuring the scheduled thermal conditions , the utilization rate of electrical energy generated by wind generators can be 95-97%. Now it is about 5%.
In the future, the research team plans to move from analyzing the thermal conditions of traditional versions of rechargeable batteries with liquid electrolyte to lithium-ion batteries, which are widely used in various industries.
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