It should be understood that the matter is not limited to connecting the machine and waiting. Choosing the right wattage can make the difference between optimal charging and a frustrating experience.
In this article, SPEEDME.RU journalists tried to determine the factors that affect the choice of electrical power for a private home, consider the consequences of using different power levels and find out how to find a balance between charging speed, existing electrical infrastructure and the needs of a modern lifestyle.
Determining the amount of electrical power needed to charge an electric vehicle depends on several factors, including the charging capacity of the vehicle, the desired charging rate, and other electrical loads in the home.
Here are some tips:
- EV charging capacity: Vehicle charging capacity may vary and is measured in kilowatts (kW), ranging from low (3 kW) to high (11 kW or more).
- Desired charging speed: Faster charging will require more electrical power. For example, 3kW is sufficient for overnight charging, while 11kW will provide much faster charging.
- Additional Electrical Loads: Other devices that consume energy in the home, such as appliances, heating or cooling systems, must be considered.
- Infrastructure condition: capacity selection depends on the condition of the electrical infrastructure. Sometimes an upgrade will be required to support higher power.
- Type of charger: some chargers allow you to adjust the charging power, taking into account the electrical infrastructure and other consumers in the house.
The average connected power in private homes in Russia is 10-15 kW at a load of 5-10 kW. The minimum power for charging an electric car is 2.3 kW, but it is desirable to have at least 3.6 kW. 7.4 kW is recommended for faster charging.
For example, a 35 kWh battery will charge in about 10 hours at 3.5 kW, but at 7.4 kW it will take half the time.
When charging at 3.6 kW with a smart charger, it will adapt the power according to the needs of the home, increasing the charging time to meet other electrical consumers.
Many users prefer 7.4 kW chargers, which are suitable for most electric vehicles, reduce charging time, and are installed in homes and public garages.
Since some modern electric vehicles have batteries with a capacity of 80 kWh or more, a 7.4 kW charging point can charge such a vehicle in 11 hours. In this case, a three-phase charger up to 22 kW is recommended to reduce waiting times.
Thus, the choice of the optimal mains power depends on the needs of electrical devices, car batteries, type of charger and your car usage habits. If charging slowly at night suits your needs, then you can keep the power low.
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