Brazilian forensic facial reconstruction specialist Cicero Moraes has developed a three-dimensional portrait of Russian Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible (1530-1584), a British newspaper reports The Daily Mail.
According to Moraes, despite differences in approaches, the results of his research are significantly reminiscent of the bust of Ivan the Terrible created by Soviet anthropologist Mikhail Gerasimov in 1963. Gerasimov, who led the team of archaeologists who discovered the tomb of the Tsar and his sons in the Archangel Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin, recreated the appearance of the Tsar from a poorly preserved skull. Using his method, Gerasimov created more than 200 sculptural portraits of historical figures.
«The only differences are in the lower lip and chin,» said the Brazilian specialist, who has previously reconstructed the faces of many historical figures from their remains using 3D modeling.
Moraes explained that his work combines several techniques based on data from volunteers whose skulls are similar in structure to the faces he is reconstructing. Using anatomical deformation techniques, the Brazilian specialist changes the proportions of the faces and skulls of the volunteers so that they match the sample as closely as possible — in this case, a computer model of the skull of Ivan IV. The volunteers' data is also used to determine the possible thickness of the skin in different areas of the skull.
«The resulting bust is the result of a synthesis of all this data,» said the Brazilian specialist. «It was a fascinating experience, since in addition to the portrait reconstruction, I studied the biography of the tsar,» Moraes added, noting that before starting work on the project, he knew very little about Ivan the Terrible.
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