Among them is record-breaking wheat, a digital “twin” of the planet and a scheme for optimizing the Earth-Mars flight
The General Meeting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which began on Tuesday, May 28 in the building of the Academy of Sciences on Leninsky Avenue, 32, probably for the first time took place in the presence of a large delegation of representatives of the national academies of Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, as well as Brazil, Egypt, India, Iran, Ethiopia, South Africa and China. The thing is that the day after the meeting, a meeting was scheduled at the academy with representatives of the academies of the BRICS countries, who had already arrived in Moscow and attended the main meeting of the year, where the results of the work for the past year were summed up.
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976 members of the Academy who gathered in the Great Hall of the Russian Academy of Sciences came to greet: Deputy Chairman of the Security Council of the Russian Federation Dmitry Medvedev, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation Dmitry Chernyshenko, ministers of science and higher education, health care and others.
Dmitry Medvedev took the floor first. Emphasizing the particularly important role of the Academy of Sciences, he stated that the state should pay the Academy in return, and approved the inclusion on the agenda of the meeting of the issue of creating a board of trustees of the Russian Academy of Sciences. This is something new for the Academy, but necessary. The majority of those present came to this conclusion and decided to turn to the country's President Vladimir Putin with a proposal to head their future council.
After Medvedev, Gennady Krasnikov took the floor. He noted that the Academy had developed new principles of scientific and methodological leadership, which found support from the leadership and were recorded in the Presidential Instructions of May 6.
Now the RAS Divisions must approve research programs for institutes and establish in-depth monitoring of research implementation .
“Where there will be many applications on one topic, departments should identify the best scientific groups, and those who were not included in their number should be offered, within the funding limit, to choose other topics not yet covered by research teams,” Krasnikov said.< /p>
He also emphasized that over the past year the Academy has increased the number of examinations by 1.5 times, reaching 75 thousand expert opinions in a wide range of areas: important strategic projects, government road maps.
“We continue to work to ensure that the RAS’s assessment is final and not subject to revision by other agencies, as has happened before,” the Academy’s president added.
He also reported on the results achieved in the field of examination of textbooks – the Federation Council, at his request, sent to the State Duma a bill on the mandatory participation of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the examination of school textbooks. The so-called 6th subprogram for fundamental research in the interests of defense and state security, which, according to the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences, has not been funded for 20 years, is also successfully developing. To manage it, a scientific coordination council has been created under the leadership of Vice President Sergei Chernyshev.
Gennady Krasnikov also touched upon the most pressing issue: the financing of Russian science, or rather its underfunding:
“The Russian Academy of Sciences proposes to the Russian government to increase funding for fundamental science in the medium term by 2027 to 0.4% of GDP (in 2024, less than 0.15% of GDP was allocated for this. – Author) in accordance with the schedule,” Krasnikov said. As we can see, his position is consistent with the trade union of RAS workers, whose members also advocated drawing up a strict schedule for increasing funding for science. True, the chairman of the trade union, Galina Chucheva, who took the floor, asked the president and the presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences to more actively demand that the government implement the order of the head of state to increase funding for science. After all, it’s a shame to say that that same 0.4% of GDP is the level of funding for fundamental science, typical of the thirty leading states, including Latvia and Lithuania, and not the top five that we so dream of joining, where spending on fundamental science is at least one and a half to two times more.
Well, at the end of his speech, the president pleased with the most striking results of scientific thought that Russian scientists achieved over the past year (it turns out that the Academy’s work results for 2023 are only “raising” May).
So, the department of mathematical sciences, namely the Institute of Applied Mathematics named after. Keldysh, proposed a two-level scheme for optimizing the Earth-Mars flight on a “small spacecraft using a hybrid scheme with an electric propulsion system.” This scheme assumes departure from the Earth using an upper stage with a high-thrust engine and further movement in interplanetary space reaching a calculated trajectory around the target planet using low-thrust engines. This idea, according to the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences, does not require the development of new launch vehicles and allows you to send a mission to Mars using existing capabilities and methods, making minor improvements to them.
Chemists made a truly great discovery. At the end of last year, MK wrote about the revolutionary idea of a new catalysis, which the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences also mentioned at the meeting. At the Institute of Organic Chemistry named after. N.D. Zelinsky RAS have developed a method of chemical reaction, during which the catalyst can be changed, obtaining many new compounds.
Biologists from the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry named after. Shemyakina and Ovchinnikova found a personalized approach to the treatment of cancer using immune T cells.
And geologists from the Research Institute named after. Karpinsky scientifically substantiated the expansion of the outer limit of the Russian continental shelf in the Arctic (the southern end of the underwater Gakkel Ridge). “This work will allow Russia to expand by hundreds of thousands of additional square kilometers,” added Gennady Krasnikov.
Of the outstanding works he highlighted in each department, the most memorable ones were: a drug based on mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of spinal injuries from FMBA, a robot for examining caissons on offshore platforms from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, wheat – a record holder for productivity from the Department of Agricultural Sciences, and of course, a digital “twin” of the planet from the Department of Social Sciences. This is a program developed with Chinese specialists, with which you can build a demographic model for the future for each of the 193 UN countries!
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