NOVOSIBIRSK, January 18 Scientists at Tomsk State University (TSU) are developing a new biocompatible coating for modern implants made of titanium nickelide, which are used to replace bone defects, the university reported on Thursday.
“»The success of integrating an implant into the human body depends on many factors, the main ones being biological and mechanical compatibility with the patient’s “native” tissues. Along with this, the condition of the patient’s bone in the area where the implant is installed and the location itself are important, since The load on bone tissue in our body is not the same everywhere,” said Kirill Dubovikov, a researcher at the Laboratory of Superelastic Biointerfaces at TSU.
The coating for implants being developed by materials scientists at TSU is hydroxyapatite, a phase based on calcium phosphate, which is the main component of the mineral component of human bone. It will promote the implantation of the structure when correcting traumatic bone injuries, even in complex cases, for example, in patients with osteoporosis. The project is being implemented with the support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (RSF).
The university noted that the development of a new coating will increase biocompatibility, thereby reducing the risk of inflammation in the postoperative period and the likelihood of implant rejection. The presence of a substance on its surface, which is the main component of human bone, will stimulate osteogenesis — the appearance of new bone cells. This will speed up the implant healing process and shorten the patient’s rehabilitation time.
«The calcium phosphate compound will increase the chances of successful integration of implants in people with osteoporosis, a disease in which bone density and structure are impaired. The coating is biodegradable. After surgery to install a replacement structure, it will act as a donor, releasing ions very slowly Ca2+ and HPO42-, which stimulate osteogenesis,” explained Dubovikov.
Scientists note that one of the many advantages of titanium nickelide implants is superelasticity — the ability to withstand mechanical deformation of up to 8% without compromising the structure and strength of the material. This allows the use of implants in areas where there is constant dynamic load, for example, to restore the bones of the chest, which expands and contracts during breathing.
«One of the potential areas of application of implants developed by TSU scientists is thoracic oncology. Therefore, work on new designs is being carried out in collaboration with specialists from the Oncology Research Institute of the Tomsk National Research Medical Center (TNRMTS). Along with this, readiness to test and use implants several leading Russian clinics in different regions of Russia have announced for rehabilitation treatment in 2023,” TSU reported.
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